Tuesday, April 30, 2019

Caribbean history Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Caribbean history - Research newspaper publisher ExamplePreceding the European invasion, Caribbean region was densely inhabited with millions of native people. The period starting in 1492 realized a sudden influx of explorers that caused the natives to almost face a total extermination. Following this period, nevertheless a few native Indians survived, most of who relocated to the mountains far from European control (Beckles, & Verene, 3- 6). Here they intermingled with Africans escapees and an other(a)(prenominal) colonial rebels. The speedy decline of native Caribbean matched with the initial importation of slaves from Africa. Trans-Atlantic slave trade played the sterling(prenominal) role in these relocations, as it brought close to 11 million Africans to the Americas. Out of these African slaves, over 40percent were taken to the Caribbean were they greatly shaped the regions culture and population. This work explores the gradual changes that characterized the Caribbean slave societies as they struggled to oppose their enslavement and stiff their emancipation. The purpose of this paragraph is to detail various modes of resistance developed in plantation societies by field, domestic, and expert slaves as well as the evolution of maroon societies. African fight against enslavement and captives revolt against the thraldom conditions were a common reaction. According to the enslavers, slaves were notoriously lazy and ill disposed to labor which suggest nonchalant resistances as ubiquitous. (Beckles, & Verene, 12)The forms of resistances depicted by the enslaved Africans included runaways, solar day to day resistance, adaptation and conspiracy. RUN AWAYS Taking forward was con slopered a common and most frequent act of resistance displayed by the enslaved throughout the slavery date of reference in the Caribbean. In taking off, slaves in this region peacefully opposed their enslavement. This presented a gross misidentify of subordination in the eyes of the slave masters who regarded every successful escape as spartan failure in security. In addition, the act of running away depicted erosion of discipline which was complete to maintain control and order among the enslaved. Run aways caused the slave owners serious inconveniencies, while on the other side carried no negative implication on stability of the slave society (Beckles, & Verene, 65). In essence, run aways served to abjure the enslavers the much needed labor and at the same time signal those who remained behind to assert their forefinger , thought to have significant impact on economic activities. The fact that all enslaved peoples needed freedom above all other things is no secret the only puzzle remained on the issue of how unmatchable would accomplish such a desire. Individuals who successfully ran from their captures later came together on their own to form what is unremarkably referred as maroon communities (Engerman, Seymour and Robert, 23). . DAY TO- DAY R ESISTANCE The purpose of this paragraph is to detail on day to day resistance as a tool used by the slave societies to fight against their enslavement. darn slaves taking off from their enslavers publicly showed their opposition to the status they were in, fellow slaves who choose to remain continued with other forms of resistance. These different approaches to opposition were shown throughout the slavery era on a daily basis. Most of them were clayey to identify as intentional owing to their subtle nature. Many of these actions were

Monday, April 29, 2019

Artist research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Artist - Research writing ExampleLaurie Anns immigration to Spain could be considered as unmatchable of the most highlighted chapter in her life. Her views to natural things became unequivocally appealing. For example, she had found the beauty of the decayed walls of the demolished building in Spain (Blogspot, 2010). With this, she imitated the styles of the imprinted walls, and she started to collect the relics, and the remains of the demolished state of affairs to create a new genre of art through urban decay painting. One of her paintings link up to this style is the Return Home (see Figure 1) piece created in the year 2009. The painting has dominant colorise of white, light brown, black lines and gray zigzag lines, which could make someone feel an ancient wind in an old-fashioned house. Moreover, the bulkyhand letters in the house walls represent a mysterious love that one starves to evoke and feel.In the long run, Laurie created her three other main paintings The High Towe r (2009), The Castle (2009), and the Patina (2010). The kind 2 painting shows an ordinary house drawn on a wall. There is an opened gateway in the right side of the painting which creates a three-dimensional illusion of being inside a room. In addition, the house on the left side of the painting has a triangle rooftop and a long rectangular body with stairway connected to a church found in the upper-right corner. There is a black shadow heart above the rooftop of the church that may represent the bitter feeling of an outraged child who is outside the church. The child could have wanted to play, to pray and explore the world without many restrictions.In the Figure 3 shown above, The Castle (2009) painting represents a picture of an abandoned building with a plane space and an opened window in the right side. One can dance in the unbounded wind of the horizontal space, and to imagine the house like a kingdom of his own. One can place freely in the two stairs of the building with out

Sunday, April 28, 2019

Is Royal Mail justified in offering and promoting its direct mail Research Proposal

Is Royal trip justified in offering and promoting its direct chain armor services - Research Proposal ExampleUnder the Postal Services Act 2000, the UK government resolved to introduce Postcomm as the regulator of a universal framework designed to protect the customers from unreasonable monetary value accession of post stamps and poor quality postal services such as delayed, damaged or lost letters and parcels. (Postcomm, 2008 BBC News, 2004) As part of increasing the efficiency of post mail services end-to-end UK, the local government decided to open the post mailing business to other private operators. (BBC News, 2004)In line with the growing competition in the post mail industry, the exploreer will answer the research question Is Royal send off justified in offering and promoting its direct mail services? by examining both the positive and negative impact of junk mail under the British Royal Mail services. In the process of justifying the pros and cons of junk mail services , the researcher will discuss the size of pile increase in direct mail the commercial and social effects of increasing the junk mail volume as well as the ecological effects of junk mail services.There are pros and cons with regards to the economy of junk mail also known as the unsolicited or unaddressed commercial mails to households. To rate the benefits and consequences of junk mail, the researcher will discuss the followingAccording to the Local Government Association (LGA), roughly 78,000 tonnes of junk mail reaches the landfill sites each year. (Oliver, 2006) In 2005, as much as 4,002 one thousand thousand personal mails and 1,132 million commercial mails were distributed all over UK. (DMIS, 2006 2) This figure reflects a 62% increase in Direct Mail in the last 10 years. (See Table I Direct Mail Volume 1990 2005 on scalawag )The main social and commercial problem attached with the increasing volume of junk mail is the accompaniment that not all households that constant ly receive junk mail are reading the mails. As a major social consequence of increasing

Saturday, April 27, 2019

Airplane Accidents, who is Responsible, and do the Victims deserve Annotated Bibliography

Airplane Accidents, who is Responsible, and do the Victims deserve Compensation - Annotated Bibliography moralThe article was published on a reputable and as such(prenominal), it went through a review process, which makes it a credible source for information. Hence, this article is useful in the analysis of who should be held accountable for the woodworking plane accidents. Additionally, it has effrontery some valuable information on the major causes of the airplane accidents compared to other sources in this annotated bibliography. Furthermore, the article is current because it gives information near a practical airplane accident, with reference to the Ethiopian airline case. Moreover, as a member of the British Investigation Board, the author has first-hand account and information regarding the causes of airplane accidents and human issues involved such as compensation. The article is very objectives as it explains in detail what the persons responsible for the accident planni ng to do for the victims of the accident.The article fits the research because it provides the information about the causes of the airplane accidents. It engages in conversation with other sources as it argues about the similar issue of the causes of the airplane accident. In addition, it raises the issue of compensating the victims, which is the main focus of my research.The source presents the accident of Boeing737 airplane and focuses on its safety records from the time it was manufactured, as well as the design integrity of the manufacturing company. It gives details on several incidences where the Boeing 737 showed various weaknesses that could have resulted in its accident. Such integrity is demonstrated in areas such as the fuselage skin and the engine design. It further gives the history of the design model since 1960s and how the Boeing manufacturing company had been using the same models, which could have been the cause of the accident.

Friday, April 26, 2019

Social Business Networks Within e-Business Marketing Essay

complaisant Business Networks Within e-Business Marketing - sample ExampleThe future belongs to online networking platforms. The aim of this study is to investigate what and the business model includes and what would be a self-made business networking platform. Transparency, engagement and nimbleness are the hallmarks of business networking. Moreover, the tools available online are beneficial for everyone but what real matters is how a company modifies them according to their business environment. LinkedIn is a great example that brings together the best of the somatogenetic and online worlds together there is no other platform that can compete with LinkedIn in terms of connecting businesses, professionals, individuals and customers. The meshing has made it easier for businesses to reach a diverse range of people. Social media and specific business networking help global collaboration and sharing of knowledge. A number of social media applications in e-business and e-commerce emerge every day. This sends shockwaves to the ecosystem of businesses around the world. The businesses have got to react in real time to these trends to keep up to date. Nowadays almost everyone is connected by dint of an online resource network. Smartphones have unleashed the true power of social networks. People have non confined to their ground or monitor screens anymore. They can take their online networks and apps anywhere. Social networking accounts for about 22% of the peoples time spent online. Social analytics has made the individual people more intelligent by learning from interactions and delivering their advice. It is only natural for businesses to twin such a model that gets in with these trends. Whether it is to connect with business partners or to reach new clients. versatile business models serve this purpose, but the true success lies in how a business uses these tools/models effectively to get their identified goal(s).Even though there has been a lot of tal k about the business networking and e-commerce, however, thereis not enough study that gauges various business models to measure their efficiency and usability.

Thursday, April 25, 2019

Outsourcing Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Outsourcing Management - Essay exampleCurrently Information Systems (IS) Outsourcing Management its a familiar concept that all of us redeem already heard something about. The Big Boom of IS Outsourcing Management started with the Kodak Effect. Outsourcing Management of Information Systems it is a reality since 1963 when Ross Perot with his gild Electronic Data Systems signed an agreement with Blue Cross of Pennsylvania for the handling of its data bear on services. (Dibbern, 6)The cases of IS outsourcing continued thought the years until 1980s when Kodak have made a successful strategical alliance with is IS partners led by IBM, DEC and Business Land to outsource its information systems. From this moment on no longer was possible to say that IS is strategic and hence cannot be turned over to a third party , because if Kodak a renowned company who considered IS to be a strategic asset and was outsourcing it in a successful way, then others could follow the same steps. This real ly happened like for example with General Dynamics, JP Morgan, BP, and umteen others around the world. (Dibbern, 07)The following are a list of the three main types of outsourcing management.Total Outsourcing All operations have been contracted to another provider. This is common in generic, non-strategic businesses like food or janitorial services.Partial OutsourcingThis is when certain activities are unbroken in house such as customer service while other more vary activities are sourced out. Plants and telecom offices would typically engage in this type of outsourcing.

NASAs Space Infrared Telescope Exploring Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

NASAs Space Infrared Telescope Exploring - Essay ExampleI also see near how supernovas, also known as exploding stars, combine with other materials floating in space to pretend planets and new galaxies (Life and Death, 2004).These concepts kept dancing around my head and made me wonder about finding life on one or more of these planets or galaxies. res publica was created in a good deal the same way. Scientists are theorizing that the same icy organic materials visible for the first time with the assistance of Spitzer was how our planet came to have so much water and the beginning of biogenic materials from which to begin the process of life here on earth (Spotting Life, 2004).Spitzer found an interesting clean gap behind a star called CoKu Tau 4, which is 1million years old, only 3 billion years younger than Earth. A planet orbiting CoKu Tau 4 could cause this gap. A planet Spitzer is not able to discern this planet, however, what if this is a younger version of Earth What if all of the carbon-based, life-enabling materials are available for this planet circling CoKu Tau 4 to create life from What if future manned explorations pass to this star system and encounter life What would life be like How would NASA and the world respondWhat if quite of being carbon-based, these life forms were methane based A recent article on Universe Today, that spoke of lake on Titan, Sa

Wednesday, April 24, 2019

Dropout Rates In Educational Institutions Of Different Countries Research Paper

Dropout Rates In Educational Institutions Of Different Countries - Research musical theme ExampleAlthough heights school graduates are attending college in record numbers, four in 10 are not adequately prepared for the course load that awaits them and are thus forced into curative classes when they start college. This fact contributes to a staggering number of students pursuing a bachelors stagecoach -- 42 percent, according to the infographic -- to scratch off out. (Huffington Post)Course load It seems that many students somehow manage to finish their high school but are not prepared for the challenging studies ahead. College education for such students becomes really gawk which eventually forces many of them to drop out. In such cases, the academic performance of students during their high school comes into challenge because apparently, it did not prepare them for the tough studies ahead. Although in colleges remedial classes are offered to such students that are not doing well in their courses, if they have a weak grasp over their chosen courses then there is a possibility that they would not be able to pull it through college. Joining remedial classes requires extra attack on the part of the students and this may be a problem for those students that are working part-time or have other family-related responsibilities. The stress of the course-load for students with below-average academic performance may be overwhelming to an extent that they drop out of college/university.The percentage of such students is quite high-42%. This fact either pinpoints to the poor quality of primary and elementary education imparted in schools or other problems like language barriers, which are more common in non-native students or students belonging to ethnic minorities.

Tuesday, April 23, 2019

Global Financial Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Global Financial Crisis - strive ExampleFrom the early 90s, the unite States has been experiencing economic expanding upon of the highest magnitude. During this period, its real Gross domesticated Product adjoind by 32.9 percent or 3.6% annual ingathering rate. The major reason for this expansion is consumption. Consumption is responsible for 75% of GDP which has been on the rise at an annual rate of 3.8 percent. What fuelled this increase in consumption is the consumer credit spending. Since the consumer dispos adequate income change magnitude at a slower rate than consumption, masses began to spend on credit. The housing bubble is an other(a) key reason for growth in the United States providence. The housing growth did not only lead to booming in the construction industry. The machinery sector increased also. Employment in the real estate was high and mortgage industry ballooned. However during the 2006-2009 fiscal crisis, mortgage and the real estate credit decreased by 5 3 and 44 percent, respectively. This led to another sourish decline in the United States economy. The phalanx budget is another factor in the American economy. The soldiers budget has been on the rise particularly later September 11. The military represents a direct submit to the United States government. An increase in its spending increases production levels and creates employment to many people. When these employees spend their income, it further increases jokes and income to other people. However, spending on the military does not mean it necessary stimulate the economy. Military spending was able to stimulate the economy during the 1950s when urge for weapons was high than now. The economy needed such stimulation with the growth of credit over the last several years, United States economic problems lie within the area of mutation and investment (David 15). Military spending has also affected the supply side of the Americans economy. Military spending reduces the magnate of the United States economy to develop new goods and renovate its production technology. Countries that have an increased level of military spending tend to have low investment rates. Bankruptcy is another factor that plays a bouncy role in the United States economy. Bankruptcy benefits the economy since giving debtors ways of discharging their debts should encourage more acceptation and spending of funds. Consumer bankruptcy has affected the United States economy negatively. When there is a high rate of consumer bankruptcy, consumers confidence declines, and their spending reduces. This increases the consumers savings rate. Increased consumer savings reduce corporate investments, which lead to job cuts. Higher unemployment rates lead to an economic downturn. The economy of the United States has periodically been witnessing numerous downfalls particularly after September 11. There has been extensive financial crisis and housing disaster, but all in all the economy has managed to hold on as the World super power. It is not as secret that the people supercharged with ensuring that the financial system is stable in the United States helped cause the 2007-10 crises. The Financial Guardians in the United States and atomic number 63 established policies that encouraged adverse credit allocation, and a lot of risk taking by their financial institutions. They still stood by the same policies even after learning of the impending financial

Monday, April 22, 2019

Networking Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Networking innovation - Essay ExampleA super connector is that person who makes vital connections or introductions that grow a lucre (Uzzi & Dunlap, 2005). level fits this definition well. He has made vital introductions as seen in the above table. Bill is a graduate from Sydney University and is currently a sort and design professional that appreciates and shares the companys heap as well as objective. I met Lucy Hassan in my search for quality art pieces that Dye & Dyer could use. In the process of our interaction, I introduced her to Bill whom I had met earlier on. Bill required someone of her expertise in printing some designs for his Art collections and Lucy Hassan was the perfect match. Bill had introduced me to Denis who was a expression guru who run his own hammer blogs, and aided in the selection of fashion pieces for display. In put to work I introduced Denis to another fashion guru Patrick, who dealt in African art and fashion. Bill also introduced me to another fa shion guru Martha, who just as Denis, ran her own fashion blogs, and aided in the selection of fashion pieces for display. Martha needed someone with fashion printing expertise. So, I introduced her to Lucy Hassan. ... Therefore, I introduced Dave to Bill. I needed expert opinion on my fashion pieces. Dave introduced me to Cynthia Carew to help me in this area. Cynthia is now a chum and she provides critique and objectivity to the fashion pieces that I select for Dye & Dyer. Indeed, her advice is invaluable in do fashion statements and presentations. It is her passion for fashion that made me introduce her to Martha, who in turn introduced her (Cynthia) into the world of blogs on high-end fashion and art. I needed help in filming as well as shoots. Bill introduced me to Robert. Robert is a film expert. This introduction enables me to access his innumerable knowledge on film and photography. I in turn introduced him to Phillip, who helped him branch his (Roberts) company to neighbo ring counties. Morris is a financial consultant from my university who impressed me with his portfolio in management. Morris was a friend I had known from my university days. Bill, who enjoys risky investments, needed expert advice on the issue of management. It is for this reason that I introduced him (Bill) to Morris. That is how my interlocking grew within a short span of time with Bill acting as my super connector. This entanglement has exhibited tremendous growth in a short span of time and is expected to continue growing. Q 2 The networks we build determine the access and extent that our ideas will reach. Creating strong networks is therefore an essential part of the social organization of any individuals life, or the structure of any organizations life (Sigmar et al. 2012). subsequently reading Uzzi & Dunlops article (2005), I had to take a critical look at my network and its structure. Bill Nicholls introduced me to the fashion business and has since acted as my contact in matters concerning

Sunday, April 21, 2019

Archaeology of Nadia Abu E-Haj Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Archaeology of Nadia Abu E-Haj - essay ExampleNadia Abu E-Haj discusses archeology, nationhood, and settlement. According to him, the historical and social scientific scholarship seeks to understand how the production of memory happens. The indite clearly carries out an analysis of nationalism and making a memory. Nationalists are said to believe in the continuity of history, social and political aspects. I support with no doubt that, the invest of archeology is non an instance of making or generating a memory. The author has deeply examined how securing archeology is considered as an intellectual pursuit. The practice of nationhood and archeology are entangled. According to the author despite the information that archeology is a national practice, at that place are nations that are not interested. I agree that there are speakers that carry out the fictional character of society in guiding the national educational project. The Jewish society is not the only society that engage s in teaching value antiques to the public (Elhaj 218).Ron Eachus and Gilbert Herbert, on the other hand, discuss a colonial portrait of Jerusalem. The computer architecture of Palestine is discussed and the landscape deeply discussed. The author discusses the rationale behind the colonial architecture is traced to the colonial power.

Saturday, April 20, 2019

Spirit Myth and Sacredness in Architecture Essay

middle Myth and Sacredness in Architecture - Essay ExampleShortly after the Buddhas death, history records a overreach for his remains amongst monks from across the Indian subcontinent. His remains were fin all(prenominal)y divided into eight portions, each being fit(p) in one of the twelve original Stupas that were built. Few of the original stupas still survive, that stupas continued to be built long after the Buddhas death with progressive modification of subsequent design as its import became more and more symbolic. However, the building of Stupas began long before the Buddha himself, as relic holding monuments of rulers. The symbolism was acquired at a much later date. To quote authors Thurman and Leidy (1997) Stupas began in pre-Buddhist India as hemispherical burial grounds that mark the remains of temporal rulers. At an early stage in the development of Buddhist art, they became symbols of the Buddhas continuing immanance as well as representations of his mind........th e fourteen rings around the spire (that ar seen in all in advance(p) stupas) are all that remainn of the royal umbrellas often found in earlier stupas. They symbolise the fourteen stages traversed in the attainment of buddhahood the four tantric stages added to the ten bodhisattva stages.In its basic essence, a stupa represented the school term heraldic bearing of saints and the Buddha as shown in Figure 1, as it was customary for saints to be buried in a sitting posture. However, the Buddha wished to be cremated and his ashes to be distributed to eight kingdoms after his death to be housed in Stupas. Therefore the stupas were built correspond to a basic plan of the Buddha seated for meditation, to encourage generations afterwards to seek salvation through ghostly practice. Figure 1. The sitting BuddhaHowever, after his remains were distributed to the eight kingdoms, the differences in Stupa architecture represented the eight disparate stages of his life as shown below in Fig ures 2. This was the original basis of symbolism based on the Buddhas life, but with time, the interpretations and further embellishments changed the architectural pattern of the Stupas. Figure 2. The eight original Stupa plansDeconstructing the Symbolism of the later StupaAll stupas are built basically according to the principles that govern the process of Enlightenment that takes place during the acquisition of the Buddha-mind. Figure 3 shows the basic philosophical interpretations of the elements that made up a Stupa in its Figure 3. Basic Stupa elements.entirety - (a) the nonfunctional pole of parasol or canopy, representing wind , (b) the cone or harmika , representing fire, (c) the hemispherical round dome representing water, (d) the determine base, reprenting the earth, and (e) the parasol itself, representing space. At a higher order of understanding, these basic elements can be interpreted as Higher States of the Buddha mind as explained by the Buddhist master Dilgo Rinpo che These are the essential attributes of a amply realised human being the base of the stupa signifies earth and equanimity the dome, water and indestructibility the spire, fire and compassion in a higher place the spire, wind and all-accomplishing action and at the very top, the jewel represents space and all-pervading awareness. The stupa is a mandala, or sacred arrangement, containing all of these enlightened qualities.However, the

Friday, April 19, 2019

Critical Thinking Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Critical Thinking Questions - Assignment ExampleA advert source used in a paper must be credible to be definitive and the authority it possesses makes the source more credible and usable. Primary sources give first-hand tuition about the subject of explore while Secondary Sources give information that has been discussed elsewhere. However Primary and Secondary sources are relative ground and can be described as per the usage of the information. It is described that a fallacy is usually faulty reasoning in argumentation resulting in a misconception. A logical fallacy is one which is a logical flaw in the argument due to which the argument becomes invalid. A post hoc is a approximate example of logical fallacy in which people try to link events and deduce conclusions with out considering the different relevant factors. A typical essay includes thesis statement, introductions, body paragraphs and conclusion. The introduction of the essay must be deductive in nature and presented precisely. A good introduction includes topic of the essay and the background information regarding it. The thesis statement is usually presented in one single statement and author shows his point of mountain that will be later proved in the body paragraphs through a logical strand of arguments. A thesis statement never asks a question but shows a point of view. A conclusion comprises of a paragraph and concludes the arguments presented in the body paragraphs. The conclusion is basically a summary of the essay. A counter-argument is a reason given by your opposition. The counter-arguments are used in thesis to be evaluated on logic and then answered. Transitions are used to connect different paragraphs and give a complete estimate of the essay. c. Integration of Evidence What is the difference between paraphrasing, summary and direct quotes?

Day with out phone Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Day with out speech sound - turn out ExampleAccording to a study conducted by Nokia in 2010, the average person checks phone one hundred fifty times per day. Considering that rambling industry has changed significantly over the last two years and diligent phones take hold more features, there is a possibility that an average person checks phone more often than the web site was in 2010 (Ling and Scott 22). Mobile phones pull in changed dramatically particularly with the invention of smart phones. As a result, mobile phones have become pocket-sized, powerful, and irreplaceable tools in human life. People are increasingly relying on their mobile phones handset in performing a set of tasks. Since smart phones have more advanced features and applications than the introductory phones, they automate processes that would have previously required users to use computer. Users of smart phones can do many things that could have just been done using computer in the past. Apart from usin g smart phones to perform tasks, users as well use them for entertainment purposes (Ling and Scott 10).In the light of the uses of mobile phone in modern times, staying away from it for only a day is unimaginable and a cringing thought. While at first it may doctor one feel liberated and free from the oppressive nature of a never-ending notifications influx that perpetually pull peoples attention from the legitimate world, it may not take long in advance one realizes how indispensable tool it is (Obeidallah para 10). A former attorney who turned to be a political comedian, dean Obeidallah wrote a piece in CNN titled A Day without a cell phone where he explained how one can tend in such a situation. In the piece, Dean noted that a day without a phone gave him an opportunity to actually have a real look at his surroundings, an opportunity he would otherwise not have had if he had a phone (Obeidallah para 11). As noted by Dean and an observation that can be shared by majority of people is that a day without a phone saves one the stress that

Thursday, April 18, 2019

Personal code of ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

individual(prenominal) code of honourable motive - Essay ExampleThis paper will focus on answering what ethics is, the ethics that the author stands for, where these ethical banks come from, and what be the major current influences on it.Ethics refers to the military rank and study of the behavior of a human being in relation to the moral principles that govern the society. clean principles are the expected standards of conduct that the society requires individuals to live and abide by them (Espejo, 2010). Ethics can as well be defined as the principles of behavior that guide the manner in which employees of a certain trading need to take over (Espejo, 2010). Ethics everlastingly define the manner in which we as individuals need to behave when we are faced by serious and difficult situations. One of my codes of ethics is ceaselessly to speak the truth, no matter the consequences of my action.It is always within my beliefs that honesty is the best virtue of life, and an hon est society will always prosper in whatever issue they do. It is also within my belief that when people became honest, then chances are high that the various ills within the society will be solved. These are issues like theft and corruption, which always thrive when an individual wants to make a dishonest gain. This ethical code of conduct emanates from my religious beliefs of Islam. The Muslim teachings always advocate for honesty, and sincerity in any dealings between people. In the current era, in that respect is always a need of transparency and honor in the various business organizations and government institutions. These transparencies and integrity are all elements of honesty. Without honesty, integrity and transparency does not exist.Another ethical value that I believe in is the respect to my superiors and co-workers. Respect is an important virtue as well as an important ethical procedure. Within any organization, there is always an hierarchical structure that outlines w ho the leaders in the organization are. For anybody

Wednesday, April 17, 2019

Human Resource Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human Resource Paper - Assignment ExampleA health mission organization must keep back objectives that guide them in their line of duty. Some of these objectives are strategic and founder implications on the human resource management. These objectives are to promote health and impart health education, to immerse in disease inspection and synopsis and to collaborate with governments and administrations around the world to promote health promotional programs. These three objectives have implications on human resource management. Human resource management is concerned with the risk-freety and pay of manpower among other things. When the objectives of a health care regarding promoting of health and imparting, disease inspection and analysis have been attained, hence the expenses incurred by the human resource management to make sure that the staff members are safe are cut down and therefore there will be no expenses on requital brought about by poor health care. This is because with good health and proper health education then cases of disease and infections are cut down. health problems cost an organization a lot. Disease inspection and analysis will help in the understanding of the causes and the possible treatments that are to be administered to various diseases and infections. The time and cash wasted in trying to cater for the treatment of a worker will be cut if the diseases they have are known unlike when a company uses its funding to facilitate the treatment of an uncharted ailment. The above strategic objectives can only be attained if actions and systems are put in place. Health schemes Executives play a big role in the attainment of set objectives. It comprises of health experts who have rally together to offer their advice regarding the various issues that affect the health care organization. The experts are in the various field that have a co-relation with health matters. It might consist of medical doctors, IT specialists, trainers, sal es and marketing experts among other professionals. For instance, a Health Systems Organization can have an IT specialist who is an expert in issues dealing with technology. One of the objectives of a health care organization was to inspect and contemplate diseases. With the proper technology, this objective can be attained. An efficacious Health System Executive body will ensure that new technologies are introduced in a health care organization the work force is enlightened through training and the implementation work on starts immediately. With introduction of hi-tech machinery, the organization will be in a position to inspect and analyze diseases and new infections. The objective, to promote health and impart health education can be achieved when the Health System Executive consisting of training personnel who educates the masses concerning matters of health. Those who have been trained will then train others and the steering wheel continues. This will ensure that people bec ome aware of the health issues and how to handle them. The third objective, to collaborate with governments and administrations to promote health promotional programs can be achieved by the Health

Tuesday, April 16, 2019

Human behavior in Late adulthood stage Essay Example for Free

Human behavior in Late adulthood act EssayThe paper will be focusing on the stages of psychosocial emergence specifically that of the Later Adulthood breaker stay. Though this stage of adulthood does not sh atomic number 18 the same import to the other developmental stages in adulthood, especially to the earlier stages, at least in terms of how the individualist sees his or her world in the context of integritys closing days of liveliness and valetudinarianism versa. Nevertheless, the Late Adulthood Stage dust of utmost significance for the reason that it holds one crucial medical prognosis in the final development stage of an adult the integrity of the ego. It must be noted at this point that the ego in the Late Adulthood Stage has already absorbed within the duad of the individuals sprightliness processes and life-time in general a considerable degree of experience. What remains in this stage are the radiations of past experiences that have not withered away with t he forgetfulness of human memory, as well as the individuals reformed perceptions of his or her world that have adapted to the series of changes in ones environs and that have also shaped the very structure of the environment where one dwells in.A look into some of the significant details of this stage reveals the weight of this particular sort in contrast to the other stages in adulthood whereby the unique strands of psychosocial precepts that properly belong to this stage identifies it as more than just a culminating phase. Theoretical backgrounds In Eriksons Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development, the Late Adult Stage summarizes its major tasks in the development of the adult in terms of introspection.This is primarily because this phase is essentially the stage wherein the individual is only able to perform fewer activities in contrast to the early years of ones life where the person is actively participating, to a certain extent, in either leisure or work. Whereas younger people constantly interact with their surroundings and with other individuals, older people who belong to the give out stage of human development are, in many cases, physically unable to meet the necessities required by leisure and work.For the most part, although the aged people can barely enjoin themselves in these physically challenging activities, the Later Adulthood stage in Eriksons theory tells us that these individuals spend most of their sequence instead on recollecting in their memory the experiences they had in the early chapters of their lives. Thus, as one can advert among the elderly, their acts of relating stories of previous meddling with past events and persons reveal one aspect of human introspection.It manifests their attempt, at the very least, to distinguish with their physical inability or lacking in terms of mobility by contemplating on whatever is rest in their memory. More importantly, the Later Adulthood stage highlights the inevitable fact in human l ife destruction. As with the aged people, the wisdom they have acquired in their many endeavors during their younger days all point them to the inescapable fact of death thereby insinuating a sense of fear in their minds.As this fact is instilled in their thoughts, the elderly are eventually placed in a rather uncomfortable home as their days are drawn closer to its closing chapters. This is the point wherein their views on two life and death are further defined by themselves, testing their maturity and emotional capability to film such fact and to acquire the sufficient integrity and belief in their selves so as not to succumb to the fear of dying.Robert Havighurst, in his perception on the developmental tasks in the life of the individual, points our attention to his commentary on the later maturity stage of the individual. He asserts that after the time of retirement from ones occupation, the individual eventually undergoes several adjustments in the sense that the person be gins to adapt a untested life-style that fits the conditions that beset the individual. These conditions, especially after finally closing the window for a previous occupation, are reflected in many ways.A few of these conditions include relocating to a smaller house or the reduction in ones income among many others. These circumstances ultimately brings changes, either drastic or gradual, to the nutriment conditions in the life of the person that one is in turn prompted to realign ones manner of living with new measures. In essence, Havighurst suggests that the elderly are more after the attempt at holding on to life rather than the actual seizing of the things that life has to offer.That is, the state of life of the elderly can be seen as one that is inclined to maintain life or the things that one already has in life rather than the expansion of it. To be taught of news ways of living entails not only the adoption of new approaches in dealing with the necessities brought about by age and ones physical deterioration. It also entails the liking that these elderly people are bound to attempt at putting more effort in holding on to life, quite apart from the idea that they ought to broaden their perception of the world and their perception of both life and death.In the context of the theories that revolve around the analysis on the stages of human development in terms of the psychosocial perspective as well as the patterns of behavior exhibited by the elderly, we can fairly condense the idea as hypothesis that these patterns of behavior are the results of the developed perceptions of the elderly with the further realization of death or, at the very least, the deterioration of ones health and living conditions. Methodology The participants in the interview are composed of 20 non-working elderly from the male and female genders with age 60 and above at random chosen.All of the participants can understand and speak the English language, their primary langua ge, and are residents of the United States of America. The religious orientation of the participants is Roman Catholicism as well as they are financially dependent on the indemnity money they receive every month, apart from the medical assistance they are able to acquire from it. Moreover, the participants are now living on their own, with their families living in their respective homes separate from their elderly.

Monday, April 15, 2019

Infectious Diseases Essay Example for Free

Infectious Diseases EsenunciateAfri cornerst wizard trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness as m any(prenominal) c entirely it is a parasitic distemper that throne be contract by on the whole human or animals. The infirmity is transmitted by the glossina fly which domiciliate be build any over Africa further the unmatcheds contaminated with the unsoundness atomic look 18 establish in region of sub-Saharan Africa. The illness has been said to have been in Africa since way back in the 14th century and one of the first epidemics that was recorded happened in 1901 in which a devastating epidemic had erupted in Uganda, killing much(prenominal) than 250,000 raft, about twain-thirds of the population in the bear on lake-shore argonas (CDC). According to the institution wellness Organization the disease covers 36 countries and 60 billion people. The majority of the affected population live in remote beas of sub-Saharan Africa with little(a) access to wellness car e clinics which is why in these foregoneoral area the disease often goes un tough and misdiagnosed. The distribution of Afri cigarette trypanosomiasis is cogitate to where the tsetse fly fly lives which happens to be some(prenominal) parts of Africa. Not any species of Tsetse travel transmit the disease and in that location is no explanation of why certain regions with populations of Tsetse flies do non have a trace of the sleeping sickness disease.According to the WHO The disease develops in areas ranging from a single village to an entire region. Within an give area, the intensity of the disease whoremonger vary from one village to the next. Of the 60 million or so people in menace of obtaining the disease each year nevertheless few cases in relation to that number depart be in human body so umpteen believe since the disease occurs in predominately remote areas many cases are press release undiagnosed. There are two forms of human African trypanosomiasis depending on the parasite Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (T. b. g. ) is prepare in air jacket and central Africa nd Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (T. b. r. ) is found in eastern and southern Africa (WHO). Of the two T. b. g. currently accounts for 95% of reported cases and the separate form T. b. r. currently only accounts for 5% of reported cases. The main way the disease is promise is from a burn off of an septic tsetse fly but that is not the only way. The WHO lists that a great(predicate) m other can pass on the transmitting to a fetus, in some instances other fund sucking insects have transmitted the disease as wellspring as accidental infections from pricks of contaminated needles.In the first stafe of infection, the haemolymphatic phase, the trypanosomes multiply which pillowcases febrility, headaches, joint pain and itching. In the second stage known as the neurological phase the parasites infect the central nervous system which hits changes of behavior, confusion, sensor y disturbances and poor coordination and disturbance of the sleep cycle, which gives the disease its name (WHO). The two forms of the disease have different impacts on the give individuals health and livelihood. The much mutual form of the parasite T. . g. causes a chronic infection. A person infected with this form of the disease can be infected for months or age without any major signs or symptoms and when the symptoms do emerge the diligent is already in the second stage of the disease. The other form of the disease T. b. r. which is less common only causes an acute infection with the first symptoms giveing in few months or weeks later the initial infection. regardless of which form of the disease the infected individual has if gone untreated the disease can be fatal.The intercession for the disease depends on the stage of the infection, the sooner its found the easier it is to treat. If found in the first stage the drugs employ of are wretched toxicity and easy to adm inister and consists of Pentamidine for T. b. g. and Suramin for T. b. r. For the second stage of infection there are quadruplet drugs that can be administered but are all toxic and complex to administer. Melarsoprol for both forms, Eflornithin for T. b. g and closely recently the combination of nifuritimox and eflornithine have been used to treat fearsome cases.Thanks to the efforts of electric organizations alike(p) the earthly concern Health Organization the upward trend of new cases of the disease is no longer a trend. In fact According to the WHO in In 2009, after continued cook efforts, the number of cases reported has dropped under 10,000 (9878) for first time in 50 years. In epidemic areas it is estimated that 20% of the population are infected by the disease which has a serious economic impact because of the damage it does to the workforce in these regions.Malaria is one of the oldest diseases in mankind and it is believed by many that some of todays malaria origi nated in west nigh and Central Africa. According to late(a) molecular stu gives have found evidence that human malaria parasites believably jumped onto humans from the great apes, probably through with(predicate) the bites of vector mosquitoes (Carter). As man evolved and blossom out throughout the world they carried diseases along with them and such how malaria came to appear all across the world. Cases of malaria have been dated back thousands of years to ancient civilizations Sumerian and Egyptian texts dating from 3,500 to 4,000 years ago mention about febricityishnesss and splenomegaly suggestive of malaria. (The enlarged spleens of Egyptian mummies are believed to have been caused by malaria). It appears that P. falciparum had reached India by around 3,000 years ago. It is believed that malaria reached the shores of the Mediterranean Sea amid 2,500 and 2,000 years ago and northern Europe probably primarily between 1,000 and 500 years ago. The waves of invasions that swe pt across the continents helped the cause of malaria parasite as well.By the Middle Ages, Kings and feudal lords had the trump out wetlands under their control, but in turn had to fear marshes as grooming grounds of plagues and incurable fevers (Rich) So basically the interpenetrate of Malaria was facilitated by the travel of man and of course the rightfulness environment for the mosquitoes to breed. Malaria is contract only through bites of Anopheles mosquitoes, or infected mosquitoes and the severeness of the disease depends on the host, environment and the mosquito itself.There are about 20 different Anopheles species of mosquitoes and most of them bite at night and breed in shallow freshwater such as puddles, rice fields and hoof it prints. The transmission of the disease is worse with an older or to a greater extent developed mosquito because the parasite the causes the disease is more developed. It also depends on where the mosquito like to bite humans, for example the lo ng lifespan and strong human-biting habit of the African vector species is the underlying reason why more than 85% of the worlds malaria closings are in Africa (WHO).Contracting the disease is also a matter of claim, which is developed after years of exposure in areas with a see to it to severe amount of cases. Finally the clime of region and rainfall patterns have a lot to do with the number of occurrences at a certain time. Once contracted the symptoms of malaria put one acrosst appear for seven or more days, usually ten to fifteen days. The first signs of the disease are fevers, headaches, chills and so-and-soing which may be heavily to pin on malaria. Though if not treated in twenty-four hours malaria can become a serious illness which often allures to death, if not that mentality damage.Infected individuals if not treated can die and most of the victims that do die are children and often quantify children receive brain damage from the severe fevers brought on by Malar ia. The disease is very dangerous to pregnant women as well because the disease can be transferred to the unborn baby, Non-immune pregnant women are at risk as malaria causes high rates of stillbirth and maternal death rates of 1050%. Malaria can result in miscarriage and low birth weight, especially during the first and second pregnancies. An estimated 200,000 infants die annually as a result of malaria infection during pregnancy (WHO).Other people at risk include people with HIV or aid as well as travelers to regions with malaria because they have no immunity. The cure or give-and-take for malaria includes artemisinin bases combination therapy or ACT. If treated and diagnosed proterozoicish the chances of death and other injuries are greatly reduced as well the rotate of the infection to others. There are many ways to go along the disease as well for travelers chemoprophylaxis can be taken to prevent the malaria disease. As for those living in high infection areas the best form of prevention would be the control of the mosquito population.Many of the people who live in these areas sleep under nets treated with insecticide and spray some type insecticide in the home a few times a year. Since malaria is so easily spread and it affects millions of people a year it does have a world-shattering economic impact, especially in areas of high rates of infection. According to the World Health Organization malaria can decrease GDP by as much as 1. 3% in countries with high levels of transmission. everyplace the long term, these aggregated annual losses have resulted in substantial differences in GDP between countries with and without malaria, particularly in Africa.Malaria takes a deep toll on areas with substantial amounts of poverty because the people themselves dont have money for treatment and medicine and the local government have to pour in more than half of their bud read to deal with the epidemic. Like malaria, double-u Nile virus is a disease sprea d by mosquitoes and the conditions of those infected can range from mild to severe. According to the National nitty-gritty of Biotechnology randomness the virus was first found in 1937 in Uganda and first found in the United give in in New York in 1999.Researchers believe the virus is spread when a mosquito bites an infected bird and thusly goes on to bite a person or an animal. The Center for Disease Control states that the virus has been found in Africa, Europe, the Middle East, west and central Asia, Oceania (subtype Kunjin), and most recently, North America. In the most extreme cases West Nile virus can cause a condition called cephalitis which causes swelling of the brain. Symptoms of the West Nile virus are said to be similar to the flu and include fever, headache, stiff back and neck, musclebuilder and joint aches, rash, swollen-headed glands and general tiredness.These symptoms can last several weeks and for serious cases, in which people can larn tremors, convulsions , muscle weakness, vision loss, numbness and paralysis, symptoms can be ageless. According to the CDC about 80 percent of people infected with the virus will not show any symptoms at all and only about one in 150 people will develop serious illnesses. West Nile virus can be spread in other ways than just a mosquito bite such blood transfusion, organ transplant, breastfeeding and during pregnancy from mother to child. Symptoms of the virus typically develop between three and fourteen days after the initial bite of the mosquito.The treatment of West Nile Virus depends on the severity of the symptoms and there is no peculiar(prenominal) treatment. Those who have only mild symptoms such as fever and aches dont require much medical forethought for these symptoms will pass on their own. For more serious cases it is definitely necessary for the infected individual to go to a hospital or get some kind of medical help. Since the disease is a virus there are no antibiotics or medicines tha t will kill the disease instead if worst result happens which is encephalitis, antiviral medicine used for treatment of HIV have been known to been use.An individual with serious symptoms best chance is to get to a hospital to receive general treatment such as endovenous fluids and other things which reduce the chance of things getting worse. West Nile virus has great social and economic impacts, mainly because of the cost of treatment and lack of treatment for severe cases. According to the CDC the cost of West Nile virus related health care in 2002 was approximately $200 million. Since there are many recent outbreaks compared to other diseases a lot of money has been spent on prevention and control problems.In the United States the Center for Disease Control has invested a lot time in helping the nation deal with any future epidemics by working to develop vaccines, creating and distributing educational and informative material to the media and public, helping states with mosquito prevention and control programs, and by coordinating a nationwide database with information regarding the virus. Yellow fever is another disease spread through the bite of a mosquito and can be found in equatorial and subtropical areas of second America and Africa.It is called scandalmongering fever because some of the people who get infected will be affected by jaundice which makes them xanthous. The first recorded appearance of the disease was in 1648 in Yucatan which is in southeastward America. According to article titled Yellow Fever A Disease that Has Yet to be Conquered study outbreaks also occurred in Europe, e. g. in 1821 in Barcelona with several thousand victims. 1878, about 20,000 people died in an epidemic in the Mississippi River Valley and the last major outbreak in the US occurred in 1905 (Higgs).The number of color fever cases has increased over the past two decades because of declining population immunity to infection, defo remnantation, urbanization, popu lation movements and climate change (WHO). The mosquito carries the yellow-bellied fever virus from host to host usually between monkeys and from monkeys to human and wherefore to more humans. According to the World Health Organization there are three types of yellow fever sylvatic (jungle) yellow fever, intermediate yellow fever, and urban yellow fever.Jungle yellow fever occurs in tropical rainforest and with monkeys that get infected by the mosquitoes and then the mosquitoes bite humans who enter the forest. Intermediate yellow fever occurs in humid or semi-humid places parts of Africa, usually in somewhat rural villages and it is the most common type of outbreak in Africa. Urban yellow fever occurs in densely be areas and causes large epidemics because of high number of non-immune people and large numbers of the infected mosquito. Once the disease is contracted the virus stays dormant for three to six days followed by a potential two phase infection.The first phase which is t he acute phase causes fever, muscle pain, backache, headache, shivers, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting. Most individuals in the acute phase get let on and these symptoms are gone after three to four days. On the other hand 15% of patients enter a second, more toxic phase within 24 hours of the initial remission. High fever returns and several body systems are affected. The patient rapidly develops jaundice and complains of group AB pain with vomiting. Bleeding can occur from the mouth, nose, eyes or stomach. Once this happens, blood appears in the vomit and feces.Kidney function deteriorates. Half of the patients who enter the toxic phase die within 10 to 14 days, the rest recover without significant organ damage (WHO). It is hard to diagnose yellow fever because in the early stages of the infection it can be confused with malaria, dengue hemorrhagic fever, leptospirosis, viral hepatitis as well as poisoning. According to the CDC there an estimated 200,000 cases of yellow fe ver, causing 30,000 deaths worldwide each year and up to 50% of gravely affected persons without treatment will die from yellow fever.Forty-five countries in Africa and Latin America with a combined population of over 900 million are at risk. There is no cure for yellow fever the treatment is aimed at reducing the symptoms for the comfort of the patient, although there is a highly effective and affordable vaccination. Those who contract the disease are advised to go to a hospital where they can get antibiotics for infections caused by the disease and supportive care for the severe symptoms. The best way to treat yellow fever is to prevent it with the vaccine which appears to provide protection for 3035 years or more.The vaccine provides effective immunity within one week for 95% of persons vaccinated (WHO). Currently organizations like the WHO and UNICEF are highly come to in helping areas of the yellow fever epidemic in Africa where the disease is the most prominent. Through the se agencies the vaccine is routinely administered to any individual in need that is at least nine months or older. all(prenominal) of the four diseases covered in this paper have qualities that make them something to be worried about.Out of the four the two most important diseases in my opinion would have to be malaria and yellow fever referable to the fact that these two diseases affect more people in a broad area and cause more casualties than West Nile virus and African trypanosomiasis. Out of malaria and yellow fever I would have to say that malaria is a more important disease because it infects a large amount of people, in a larger global scope, causes the most death and has the greatest social and economic impact.Overall I believe that malaria is the most important disease but for certain categories some of the other three diseases have the greatest mpact and damage. In terms of geographical distribution the four diseases in order of smallest distribution to largest distrib ution would be African trypanosomiasis, yellow fever, West Nile virus, and malaria has the greatest distribution. African trypanosomiasis is only found in areas with infected tsetse flies which only includes countries predominately in Africa and most occurrences are in sub-Saharan Africa in very remote and rural areas. Yellow fever can be found in tropical areas of Africa and South America but still infects are large amount of people.West Nile virus has a pretty large distribution, in the past decade or so there has been large numbers of cases popping up all over the United States but has in the past been found in Africa, Asian, Europe as well as the Middle East. West Nile virus can happen wherever there are infected mosquitoes so the potential distribution is very large. Malaria also has a large distribution which can be found all over the world, wherever there are infected mosquitoes, but it mainly found in Africa and there is quite of lot of cases found in Asia.Of the four diseas es they are all contracted by a bite from an infected insect, all of them except for African trypanosomiasis which is contracted by the tsetse fly are contracted from bites of infected mosquitoes. All of the diseases have many different symptoms that lead to death if not treated and yellow fever is the hardest to diagnose because it shares symptoms with many other infections. Even though West Nile virus can be dead over 80% of infected individuals will not show any symptoms and go on to be fine.African trypanosomiasis has many tell tale symptoms if caught early treatment is simply but if it caught in the second stage things are a lot harder and symptoms often lead to death. Malaria also has many symptoms and the first symptoms are very broad and are difficult to diagnose as malaria, if these symptoms are not treated within twenty-four hours death can occur. I believe yellow fever has the worst symptoms of all because 15% of the infected will not get better after the acute infection and become severely ill.Treatment must fast and concise which is hard because the early symptoms can be confused with malaria, hepatitis, poisoning and many other infections. These four diseases have severe health impacts on individuals who get infected and all can lead to death or serious immutable conditions. African trypanosomiasis which affect the infected persons central nervous system which if untreated leads to death, the disease can cause a chronic infection. Malaria is disease that some can build an immunity to but for those who dont have it spotting it can be deadly.Malaria often causes high fevers which in turn causes brain damage in many individuals especially children. Children especially in Africa have high rates of contracting and dying from malaria and even if they conk there is a host of permanent condition it can cause. Conditions such as cognitive impairments from the brain damage, anemia, intracranial pressure and abnormal postures. Most people who get sick fr om West Nile virus are fine and get over the flu like symptoms within a week but those who dont get better sometimes develop encephalitis.Encephalitis is the swelling of the brain and is very painful and cause other conditions that lead to death. Yellow fever has many severe health impacts as well and is called yellow fever because of the jaundice it causes to some of the infected. Severe cases result in deterioration of the kidneys which why half the people with a serious case will die. The health impacts of malaria are the most important because they have a higher(prenominal) chance of happening compared to the other diseases.In 2008 there were 247 million cases of malaria and almost one million deaths most of which belonged to children in Africa. According to the World Health Organization 85% of the worlds malaria deaths are in Africa and accounts for 2. 23% of deaths worldwide. succeeding(prenominal) up yellow fever which has an estimate 200,000 cases per year with 30,000 casua lties. In the areas of infection, Africa and South America, there roughly 900 million people at risk of contracting the disease, 90% of the infections occur in Africa. 009 was the first time in 50 years that cases of African trypanosomiasis fell below 10,000, the problem with putting numbers to this disease is that the majority of the infected individual live in very remote and rural area so there isnt proper surveillance on the epidemic. Since the most current outbreak of West Nile virus was in the US the number from the Center of Disease Control and Prevention lists only those statistics. In 2010 there were 1,021 cases with only 57 deaths caused by the virus which is a tad higher than 2009 but still an improvement over past years.Now for the treatment comparison, first African trypanosomiasis can treated with different medications depending on the stage of the disease but many of the medicine have some bad side effects. Early treatment of malaria greatly reduces the chances of dea th and is usually done by administering a combination therapy which consists of antibiotics. Over the last decade or so it has been noticed that malaria is developing a drug resistance because of patients discontinuing the use of the medicine prematurely.West Nile virus doesnt really have much treatment in the early stage people usually get through the flu like symptoms on their own but in severe cases hospitalization is necessary. If encephalitis occurs treatment consists of making the symptoms more tolerable for the patient. Yellow fever is similar to West Nile virus in the way that in the severe cases there really isnt much of a treatment. The best treatment for yellow fever would be the vaccine which is 95% effective and lasts anywhere from 30-35 years.West Nile virus and yellow fever do not have treatments like the other diseases because they are caused by virus and are not bacterial infection that can be treated with antibiotics. In regards for a need for a better treatment, W est Nile virus and yellow fever are the two more important diseases. After researching all four diseases it was not difficult for me to conclude that malaria was the most important and harmful. Not only does it affect people all over the world it has the largest number of cases and deaths in the world.For a disease that is caused by a mosquito bite and is responsible for 2. 23% of deaths in the world is unbelievable and a bit horrifying. According to the World Health Organization a child in Africa dies every forty five seconds because of malaria. The disease has serious health impacts on an infected individuals health and if one doesnt die from the disease it still cause many permanent health conditions especially with developing children. With just saying all of that malaria seems bad but not much worse than diseases like yellow fever but then consider the economic impact of the disease.The World Health Organization has stated that Malaria causes significant economic losses, and ca n decrease gross domestic harvesting (GDP) by as much as 1. 3% in countries with high levels of transmission. A disease like that makes poverty stricken countries stuck because more than half of their budget is going to battling the epidemic. There are also many social implication such as for all those children who get brain damage from the disease their lives will permanently be limited. Many of them will not be able to get a master job which further hurts the economy of wherever they are from.

Sunday, April 14, 2019

Promoting Healthy Eating Habits in Second Graders Essay Example for Free

Promoting Healthy Eating Habits in Second Graders auditionThis paper is geargond toward promoting education of wellnessy ingest habits of second tick off students. According to Blais and Hayes, Healthy hatful 2010 define Health Promotion as individual and community activities to promote healthful lifestyles. These healthful lifestyles take on the improvement of nutrition in America (p.120). The Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion (CNPP), an organization of the U.S. surgical incision of Agriculture, has provided the necessary tools to help guide and promote well-preserved eating habits through conducting research and evidence found analysis in nutrition. USDA fodder Guidance System known as MyPlate, MyPyramid, or the Food Guide Pyramid are used to educate the public and offer information on the recommended nutritional guides on weight management, caloric intake, physical employment, and health tips for peculiar(prenominal) ages and health conditions.The Dietary G uidelines of Americans 2010 confuse score guidelines used to promote healthy eating to the American people of all cultures, traditions and socioeconomic background. These guidelines encourage the usance of nutritional pabulums, which include voguish vegetable and fruit, whole grains, fat- poverty-stricken or low-fat milk and milk products, a variety of protein rich provenders, which include lean meats, sea provender, nuts and legumes (p.46). The emphasis of these principles will be used towards the publicity of health through the development, implementation and evaluation of a teaching plan on healthy eating habits to second graders, between the ages of 7-9 in a their classroom setting using the MyPlate educational teaching tools. estimate of Learning NeedsThe second grade acquire group consisted of fourteen children ages 7-9. An synergetic class application was presented using different breaker points whichconsisted of each food group using the MyPlate teaching concept. The children were asked to identify the food item they preferred unhealthy versus the healthy choice. The childrens knowledge on making healthy food choices was assessed at this time. It was assessed that 72% of the children preferred the food item that was unhealthy, while 28% do healthier selections. Although some of the children made healthy choices the majority of the group made unhealthy food selections. Prior to presenting the teaching plan the teacher reviewed the material to assure it would be understood by the second graders. Their developmental level was confirmed to be within the second grader learning ability in communication and understanding.None of the children required special learning needs. Two of the children wore corrective lenses, which did not inhibit their ability to participate in the activity. Cultural consideration was assessed by asking the children their race and the different kinds of food that is cooked at home. Two children were multicultural of His panic origin and specific food items commonly eaten at home were placed into its specific food group. The second graders first phrase was English. None of the children expressed specific spiritual practices as pertaining to eating habits or customs. The second graders preferred an interactive learning style which included demonstration, answering and asking questions, and coloring activity. The second graders were enthusiastic and expressed elan to learn and share the information with their bring ups. The overall health status of the second graders was good. There were a a couple of(prenominal) that expressed having allergies or respiratory problems.Learner ObjectivesThe learning objectives for the publicity of healthy eating plan are as follows A. Affective state The students are willing to actively participate by listening and responding to the instructors presentation on healthy eating habits and engage in group activity. B. Cognitive Domain Each student will be able to cha rter three healthy food items specific for each of the fiver food groups and describe three ways healthy eating nourishes the body and benefits of staying physically active. C. Psychomotor Domain The students will select and identify the food item that is more beneficial for their health with given activity.Teaching PlanThe teaching plan to be implemented includes the following presentation, which incorporates the current lunch menu offered to the students in school A. MyPlate five food group and drink option was presented and the students are asked to choose which food item is eaten daily unhealthy versus healthy items included 1. Fruit group natural selection of fresh fruit (banana, apple, orange strawberries, etc.) or a fruit cup 2. Grain group Selection of cut fries, potato chips, baked potato or wheat or white bread sandwich 3. vegetable group Selection of fresh carrots, salad, celery or canned carrots, corn 4. Protein group Selection of deep-fried chicken nuggets or baked chicken nuggets, burger or subway sandwich 5. Dairy group Selection of whole milk or low fat milk, cheese or yogurt 6. Drinks Water, Capri Sun or Juice boxEach individual student will be encouraged to participate and otherwise specific items not listed will be placed in the classified food group in order to address all individual needs. B. MyPlate nutritional guidelines reviewed with the students and open questions answered. 1. The take aim Day just got better article treatment of the 10 tips for Nutrition Education Series includes awareness of healthier school meals for children, cellular inclusion of more fruits and vegetables daily, along with whole-grain rich foods. The offering of a variety of low fat and fat free milk, reducing saturated fats and salt, increase in water intake. Meeting caloric needs through character sizes, development of wellness programs, making better food choices and resources available to parents. 2. Emphasis on each food group with interactive group participation to name at least three healthy food items of choice 3. Name how healthy eating benefits the brain, heart and digestion, along with getting at least 60 minutes of exercise daily. C. Students will identify or select the healthier food items offered introduced at the stolon of presentation. 1. Choose MyPlate coloring activity will allow for a visual picture to reinforce the five food groups in a simple manner. 2. Draw three healthy food items on their MyPlate activity sheet. 3. Reinforce healthy eating habits with a take home pamphlet for the parents that describe 10 tips for healthy snacking. Evaluation of Teaching and LearningEvaluation of teaching and learning strategies were accurate, clear and inhibit for the second grade students. The teaching plan was simple and interactive to meet each individual learning need. The health promotion plan and activity outlined can be followed to teach other second grade students the richness of healthy eating habits using the fr ee resources and information available on the website Choosemyplate.gov MyPlate Kids Place. The evaluation of learner objectives was measured by having the students re-evaluate their previous food item choice and compare it to the healthier food item. The scores were significantly higher were 92% the students identified and selected healthier food items listed.Open class discussion was used to determine if the teaching strategies used were appropriate for the students. The students expressed understanding and enjoying the class, the activities used and having a parent teaching the class. Positive feedback was given by the teacher present and students. The students were comfortable in their classroom setting, which is the appropriate environment for learning. The health promotion event was successful and effective in educating second grade students on healthy eating habits. The students expressed eagerness to share the resource pamphlet with their parents. The information shared woul d have been more effective and beneficial if the second graders parents were present, but studies show that second graders are influential in assisting parents make healthy eating choices for them with the information they learn.ReferencesBlais, K. K., Hayes, J. S. (2011). Professional nursing practice concepts and perspectives (6th ed.), New Jersey Pearson U.S. division of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010. 7th Edition, Washington, DC U.S. Government Printing Office, declination 2010 Jacksonville University College of Health Sciences (2012). School of nursing mission. Retrieved March 25, 2014 from http//www.ju.edu/COHS/Pages/School-of-Nursing-Mission.aspx Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office of the patron Secretary for Health, Office of the Secretary, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, May 2014. Retrieved from http//health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2010/DietaryGuidelines2010.pdf U. S.Department of Agriculture. ChooseMyPlate.gov Website. Washington, DC. Color Sheet. Retrieved April 18, 2014 from http//www.choosemyplate.gov/kids/downloads/ColoringSheet.pdf U.S. Department of Agriculture. ChooseMyPlate.gov Website. Washington, DC. School Day Just Got Healthier. Retrieved April 18, 2014 from http//www.choosemyplate.gov/foodgroups/downloads/TenTips/DGTipsheet21SchoolDayJustGotHealthier.pdf

Saturday, April 13, 2019

Vintage International Essay Example for Free

Vintage International EssayI gazed at my disapproval one more time. It was still serious-and what was surprising about that, since at that routine I was too? only at the same time, and for the first time in months, I distinctly heard the sound of my declare voice. I recognized it as the same one that had been ringing in my ears for worldy long days, and I realized that all told that time I had been talking to myself. 6 Before then, Meursault took everything as fate had predestinated for him. However, the moment he began talking to himself, he changed. He became active of his have intent.In the isolated prison cell, he became aware of the power of his own mind, which was demonstrated by his rejection of the priest. For Gregor, he ate less and less, and began to drive more and more attention to his family. It was somehow giving him a pleasant feeling, despite of his starvation. For instance, when he listened to his sisters violin performance, it said, He felt as if the wa y were opening before him to the unknown nourishment he craved. 7 This scenario, which exposit Gregor getting nourishment from a feeling for his family rather than food, marked that he no longer get a linek gladness by satisfying fleshly needs.Being isolated from the society, he began to realize his feelings for his family. Summing up the terce protagonists process of realization, their isolation had somehow granted them an opportunity to realize the power of their minds. It was only then that they began to see an alternative way in obtaining happiness. On their isolated islands, the protagonists gave up to achieve their happiness through animal(prenominal) body, but freed themselves from it instead. All three of them came to a realization that they could achieve true happiness through mind.As Ivan reviewed his day before he went to sleep, he accounted the satisfaction he had gained from the action decided by his own mind. Despite of the lack of food and physical discomfort i n the morning, these feelings of physical discontent as the amiable satisfaction became greater and greater as he gained essence of himself through living it. As he fell into sleep, he was very happy8. Ivans happiness was non from his physical state, but his mental state. It was his own decisions that brought him the satisfaction.His physical isolation had and then deprived him many luxuries, yet it was the absence of these luxuries that led him to discover a happiness that could be achieved simply through mind. In the case of Meursault, he realized why he did not cry on his mother funeral. Isolated in his prison cell, he meditated and came to a conclusion that life was never predestined. The world was just there as it was. If he could put down the mind forgd manacles, go out the rules of the society he was indeed a free person. Summing up his thoughts, he claimed, I felt that I had been happy and that I was happy again.9 Like Ivan, although the physical isolation prevented Meur sault from many pleasure viable by body, he found happiness by freeing himself from the values of the society. Such isolation had indeed provided him an opportunity to reflect his thoughts about life, leading to a mental happiness. As Gregor died, he discovered his manage for his family, as hinted in the following passage. He thought of his family with tenderness and love. The decision that he must disappear was one that he held to even more strongly than his sister, if that were possible.In this state of vacant and peaceful guess he remained until the tower clock struck three in the morning. 10 Despite of his familys hatred towards him, he still loved them and wished his death would bring them happiness. In isolation, he dwelled in a meditation with peace. recreation implied a freedom from violence. For Gregor it would be the violence in life to satisfy his physical needs. It was at the stick up moment when he freed himself from his body and achieved happiness through mind. A ll the protagonists in the end realized that they were all free individuals on their islands.They freed themselves from the rules of the world. Those were the very moments when they achieved happiness. Concluding the three protagonists expeditions to true happiness, in isolation, they all discovered a satisfaction in the mind instead of body. While sensual stimuli were reduced to the least, they saw something beyond. One whitethorn argue that they were resigning to life in their inevitable isolation, but they had indeed grasped an alternative happiness in such(prenominal) isolation. Like a walk with many people holding one long stick, no man is an island. The stick connects us all.As we proceed to the front, no matter what speed we are at, we move as a whole. Yet, we take the steps by ourselves. Happiness may be realized when we see our persuasiveness in taking that step, like the Ivan, Meursault and Gregor in the three novels.Word CountA phrase from surmisal 17 by John Donne in 16 24 2 Alexander Solzhenitsyn, One Day in the action of Ivan Denisovich, Bantam Books, 1990. (Hereafter ODITLOID) 3 Albert Camus, The Stranger, Vintage International, March 1989. (Hereafter TS) 4 Franz Kafka, Metamorphosis, W W Norton and Sons. (Hereafter M)

Thursday, April 11, 2019

Sports And School (My Experience) Essay Example for Free

Sports And School (My Experience) EssaySchool parts at a young age for nearly kids. They go to learn Arithmetic, English, History, and specify a general education for life. They likewise learn to deal with others away of their family and close friends. Such was the case for myself.I lived on a farm where my neighbor was my better(p) friend till he moved away. I then had one year till school would start for me, which I would put down with my family, and one or two friends who I would see occasionally. When school finally started for me I had no friends I already knew. It only took me a a few(prenominal) days of watching the older kids flowing soccer to learn the game and I eventually started playing with them. They learn my name and I learned theirs, soon I was friends with most of the kids in the school (somewhere around 45 kids, K-6). The next year I was sent to a new school in Monticello. Again I made friends quickly and we would spend recesses playing tag and runn ing around.As I commemorateed the fourth grade professional sports entered my life. I had been wrestle long before I entered school and played baseball when I was old enough to enter tee-ball, but professional sports never occurred to me until football. From fourth grade to sixth I came to school in the unhorse and spring to play football. As I grew up and graduated elementary school I approach new options. I could straightway participate in regulated Jr. High teams. I chose football, wrestling and baseball. I had played all of these before, but this was high school sports where you had stands full of people to watch you. You now had pads to play football and your games were official. Life in wrestling would become more competitive and baseball would be as hard as ever and so far my experience has only been beneficial.I am now a senior in high school and my football c arr is over, but I along with others was able to bring home a state championship trophy. I?m doing wide in m y last wrestling season and will soon begin my final sport in high school. I lived for football and I am living wrestling. Every duration I escort someone say sports should be discontinued from public school I feel as if they are trying to cripple students like my self who live for sports in high school. I came to school to get an education, after school I invoke my education to solve for me in sports.Otherwise I would go home sit in frontof a T.V. or help my dad when necessary. I could stay on in town every now and then to hang out with friends, but I would more often than not be confined to the barren area around my house. Now time playing sports I thrash hard to get through the school day (It seems to make time go faster) and then work hard at sports. I got in a habit of workings hard while I?m awake so now everything I do I try to do the right way and I work hard at doing it.People say that students focus more on sports than they do their school work and classes. May b e true in a few cases, but was never true in my case. I worked hard in school so I could be the best at both school and sports. I strove for success in tagging girls in elementary school so I also strove for success in my schoolwork. In high school you had to keep your grades up to play. I along with the majority of my fellow teammates went beyond meeting the requirements for not getting an F in whatever class, but in getting A?s in all of our classes. A coach erstwhile said to my brother, ?Work hard on and off the field.? I have lived my career so far off that saying.I?ve told others that and others have told me that. First hand I have seen students who can?t or don?t care to keep their grades up. They just slide from one class to the next working just enough to pass. They then were invited to come play a sport or do and use with friends after school. They learned how much fun playing sports could be so they picked up their grades so they could play football, or wrestle. Even af ter the season was over they decided they commanded to keep their grades up and it wasn?t that hard to do it in the end.School sports also help those who don?t play. While care kids who play off the streets and away from bad influences it also motivates others to do the same. When school figures are supported and kids want to be like them they want to be great and will change a lot to be like the one they admire. For the most part those who play sports can?t do well if they are doing activities not suitable for students their ages (drugs, alcohol, violence, crimes.) so they are almost forced to set a true ensample while playing a sport. A winning sports season in a school-supported sport also raises the moral and efficiency of students. They become proud of their school and what they have done and want to keep the good name they have earned. Studentswill talk about the season and have better memories of school. Ten years later a reunification will echo with, ?Do you remember in stead of having a reunion where no one shows up because they felt as if they were not a part of their school or they had no memories they wished to remember with their class.Above all you cannot end school sports for the minority of people who disagree with having sports sponsored by schools. Those few may have had a bad experience with sports and find it hard to fit in with those who?ve had good experiences. If you end it all for a few people everyone will become like those few people and sports as a whole may melt, competition will disappear, initiative will disappear and people will have to find other paths to absent to gain these skills so badly needed in life. Some of these paths taken will not be well chosen and can give way people astray in life. Again leading to crimes, drugs, alcohol, and other illegal activities.Baseball, movie shows, singers, and others helped cheer those in both the world wars. It kept American moral up and lead people to a time of prosperity and relax ation after World War II. Soldiers would talk about the World Series while they sat in their trenches rooting for a team. They would go watch a boxing match to take their mind off of what lay ahead for the time. With out these activities soldiers would have had to turn their attention elsewhere. Probably cover to fighting which was the only thing they didn?t want to think about. Sports helped in the war effort so why can?t it help in the school effort.

Wednesday, April 10, 2019

Administrative Ethics Paper Grading Criteria Essay Example for Free

Administrative Ethics Paper Grading Criteria canvassResource Administrative Ethics Paper Grading Criteria on your student website Find a online administrative issue in a newspaper, magazine, or daybook article relating to topics such as unhurried privacy, confidentiality, or HIPAA. Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper that includes the following separate the issue and its impact on the creation it affects most. What arguments or facts are used in the article to software documentation the proposed solution? What are the ethical and judicial issues reported for your administrative issue? Explain the managerial responsibilities link to administrative ethical issues. If none were stated, what should nurse been done? Identify any proposed solutions.See more Strategic Management Process Essay entangle at least three sources in your paper.Resource Administrative Ethics Paper Grading Criteria on your student website Find a current administrative issue in a newspaper, magazi ne, or journal article relating to topics such as patient privacy, confidentiality, or HIPAA. Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper that includes the following Describe the issue and its impact on the population it affects most. What arguments or facts are used in the article to support the proposed solution? What are the ethical and legal issues reported for your administrative issue? Explain the managerial responsibilities related to administrative ethical issues. If none were stated, what should have been done? Identify any proposed solutions.

Monday, April 8, 2019

War in Iraq on the US economy Essay Example for Free

contendfare in Iraq on the US economy EssayThe join States minding the business of Iraq has been classified as a good deed by some populate especially the people of Kuwait. Here Iraq invaded Kuwait to increase it as one of its provinces under the leadership of Iraqs Saddam Hussein. However, some lodge feel that this is an infringement into the private affairs of Iraq. One article called the unite States under George Bush as the Pentagon Zionists. They both carry that the uninvited meddling of the internal affairs of Iraq has precipitated into weakening of the join States Economy as well as the other countries that have aided them in the warfare against Iraq. The weakening of the economy has been characterized as the skyrocketing world crude oil prices caused by the war on Iraq. Likewise, the war in Iraq has been characterized by too much money funneled show up of the unify States economy and into the war in Iraq. For, it costs money to buy the war planes, war boats, war ammunitions, the hiring of soldiers to go into Iraq and other armed forces operating expenses (Petras, 2005) . Likewise, the United States war on Iraq has similar characteristics with the war it has fought in the prior years such as the Korean War, the Civil War, orb War I and World War II.Meaning, the United States entry into the warpath shows how a well oiled war machine and ideology establish coherent and monetarily blessed fewer with their highly placed thinkers in the highest policy making organizations of the state stinkpot bend official organisation policy to favor the require of the foreign power over and against accepted economic interests (Ibid). Further, the oppositionists to the United States meddling insists that the generalized invasion of Iraq by the American Zionists against an Arab State and its citizens.The reason for the Iraq trespass was because the United States wanted to help the Jews of Israel to expand their b holy orders well inside the Palestin ian state. For, there is an open proportionateness surrounded by the United States and Israel to push their Zionist influence well into Arab territories. This was code named A position eastward Common Market plan. This was the basic formula adopted for a permanent war in the Middle East. The oppositionists gestate that the Zionist want to install their philosophy of free market and democracy.This formula was thought to be heartily embraced by both the liberal and the conservative politicians in the United States thereby depriving the Iraqi people their advanced to basic democratic rights as well as their own domestic markets(Ibid). Introductorily, some quarters believe that the United States continues to increase their daily losses from money and casualties together with their coalition partner countries with their go along involvement in the Iraq territorys internal affairs.Some quarters believe that many of the war partners of the United States have already gone home to the ir own countries leaving the United States and its closest friends rat in Iraq. For the enemies of the United States believe that there are a few Zionists running the government and influencing it to remuneration war against Iraq. Some quarters believe that the continued presence of the American Forces in Iraq is one of the major(ip) forces that caused the devaluation of the United States dollar.Consequently, many of the people inside and outside the United States wants to put an end to the Iraq war by rallying being their message to the United States government to bring back home their sons, fathers, brothers, cousins, neighbors, friends and the like from the war torn district of Iraq. For, many members of the United States military feel that of the disillusionment that the war on Iraq has brought to the soldiers of the United States and their allies from a couple of countries as well as the civilian populations in those countries.The most free-spoken of which is France who stau nchly rallied behind a no invasion of Iraq policy in the United Nations. The few people in the United States government were so good at selling their plan to send military troops into Iraq (Ibid). In terms of macroeconomics, the United States admittedly suffered large casualties in Iraq and the war debt generated by the United States from their uninvited adventures into Iraq has been growing by an average amount of billions of United States dollars per day.Some quarters believe that the few Zionist people in the United States government were instrumental enough to poison the other members of the government to almost cut their ambassadorial relationship with France and the other European nations that were steadfast in their determination non to interfere with the internal affairs of Iraq. Economically, the main purpose of the United States trespassing into Iraqs territorial legal power was to ensure that the United States would control the privatization as well as the denationaliza tion of the Iraq oil industry.Another aspiration of the United States invasion of Iraq and the removal from power of Saddam Hussein was to decapitate the current European benefits that came from the reconstruction of Iraq not to mention the United States plans to give Israel an added advantage in the Middle East. Indeed, the United States open deadlock that it wants to control the world has its consequence of continuous invasions into other countries to expand its empire.Many military think tanks believe that the United States did not take into account the large scale destruction of the assets located in Iraq by peppering some historic buildings with guided missiles and other explosive materials. Likewise, the cost of starting and maintaining a war needs lots of money. This causes the United States money to literally bleed. In addition, the Unites States gives out one of its famous lines that in order to maintain a living space, the maintenance of the controlling presence of the soldiers, politicians and ideologically biased individuals or groups.For, the United States Zionists believe that in order to maintain a peaceful environment to live in, the United States must(prenominal) literary have absolute supreme sovereignty and control. The purpose of this paper is to show that the United States decision to pierce the veil of privacy of Iraq by uninvitingly pushing the aircraft missiles button was because the United States felt that it had a right to control the oil fields of Iraq. Meaning, there was already a harmonious relationship between United States multinationals in the Petroleum industry and the oil companies in Iraq before the war.Thus, the United States and its few allies ventured into Iraq without thought beforehand of the large amounts of cash outflows involved in a long protracted war between the United States and Iraq. Also, the attack of Iraq was fueled the ground goose egg event where many people died. The ground zero event in New York repr esents people who died when three commercial airplanes were hijacked and rammed into the White house and the twin towers were brought voltaic pile to ground zero level (rubble).

Sunday, April 7, 2019

The Wine of Astonishment Essay Example for Free

The Wine of Astonishment Essay divinity take for grantedt give you more than you batch bear. The opening line of the novel suggests that it is a deeply root apparitional novel. As the story unfolds, we explore the religious journey that the afflicted sacred Baptists in Bonasse wear to embark on, in efforts to restore their rights to practise their faith. The title of the novel, The Wine of Astonishment can be analysed in two ways. Firstly, the literal translation of The Wine of Astonishment stems from the meanings of the words vino and astonishment. Wine is an alcoholic drinkable typically made of fermented grape juice and is usually bitter. Astonishment refers to something unexpected. Combining the meanings, one can take off that the Wine of Astonishment refers to something bitter and unexpected. As one of the major themes in the novel is struggle, we can witness the wine-coloured to imply bitterness the hardships and sour experiences the Spiritual Baptists had to w ithstand and astonishment the unexpected.Therefore, the Wine of Astonishment can literally mean an unexpected hardship. Secondly, if analysed from a biblical perspective, the phrase the wine of astonishment is mentioned in psalm 603 Thou hast shewed thy people hard things thou hast made us to drink the wine of astonishment. To David, the psalmist, in Psalm 60, he felt as though God withheld His protection, that God had turned his corroborate on them because when the Israelites were at war away in the North, they were invaded in the south.It appeared as though instead of granting them the wine of blessing, God had rejected them unexpectedly. This was Gods way of testing the faith of his people. He made them wear thin unexpected hardship to see just how strong they were. In the novel, Eva knows that the trials they experience was Gods challenge to them.It seemed as though God rejected them and showered them with tribulations but real help comes from God alone and when a situati on seems out of control, we can trust God to do mighty things. Hence, God made the Spiritual Baptists drink the wine of astonishment to test their faith as a church and in the end, God restored his protection of his people and freed them from the torment they endured in attempts to keep their religion. The books title introduces the reader, to a religious plot that will examine the course of a struggling people.